Hoard

[notmartha]

BIBLE

The word “hoard” is not found in the KJV. It is found in other versions, translated from the Hebrew word mānaʿ(Strong’s #4513) a verb meaning withhold, keep back, refrain, denied, hinder, keep, restrained.

God’s Word, God's Word to the Nations Bible Society, 1995

Proverbs 11:26 -

People will curse the one who hoards grain, but a blessing will be upon the head of the one who sells it.

Ecclesiastes 5:13-14 -

There is a painful tragedy that I have seen under the sun: Riches lead to the downfall of those who hoard them. These hoarded riches were then lost in bad business deals. The owners had children, but now they have nothing to give them.

Isaiah 23:18 -

Her profits and her earnings will be turned over to the LORD for his holy purpose. It won't be stored or hoarded. Her merchandise will belong to those who live in the presence of the LORD so that they will have plenty of food and expensive clothing.

DEFINITIONS

Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language, 1828

HOARD, noun A store, stock or large quantity of any thing accumulated or laid up; a hidden stock; a treasure; as a hoard of provisions for winter; a hoard of money.

HOARD, verb transitive To collect and lay up a large quantity of any thing; to amass and deposit in secret; to store secretly; as, to hoard grain or provisions; to hoard silver and gold.
It is sometimes followed by up, but without use; as, to hoard up provisions.

HOARD, verb intransitive To collect and form a hoard; to lay up store.
Nor cared to hoard for those whom he did breed.

The Century Dictionary, an Encyclopedic Lexicon of the English Language, 1895

Hoard (noun)
1. A treasure; a fund; a stock or store laid by; an accumulation of something for preservation or future use; hence, any mass of things preserved by being deposited together.
2. A hoarding-place; a treasure-house or treasury.
3. A place of retirement or concealment; a closet or cabinet ; a lurking-place.

Hoard (verb)
1. To treasure up; collect and store; amass and deposit for preservation or security, or for future use; store; lay up: often followed by up.
2. To gather and save ; lay up store.

Hoarder
1. A treasurer; a steward.
2. One who hoards or accumulates; one who lays up a store of something; one who gathers and keeps a stock or fund.

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English, 1919

hoard, n., & v.t.
Stock, store, (esp. of money laid by ; amassed stock of facts &c; (v.t.) amass (money &c. or abs.) & put away, store up, treasure up in the heart,

Ballentine’s Law Dictionary, James A. Ballentine, Third Edition, 1969

hoard.

Noun: An accumulation of savings. A supply held in reserve.
Verb: To accumulate by way of having a reserve.

As defined by the Lever Act which was a war measure of Congress passed in 1917 and amended in 1919, “necessaries shall be deemed to be hoarded when withheld, whether by possession or under any contract or arrangement, from the market by any person for the purpose of unreasonably increasing or diminishing the price.” United States v Cohen Grocery Co. 255 US 81,65 L Ed 516,41 S Ct 298. 14 ALR 1045, 1052.

Black’s Law Dictionary, 5th Edition, 1979

Hoarding.

Act of holding and acquiring goods in short supply beyond the reasonable needs of the person so holding. See also Profiteering.

American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 2016

Hoard
n.
1. A supply or store of something held or hidden for future use.
2. A collection or supply, as of memories or information, that one keeps to oneself for future use.

v. hoard·ed, hoard·ing, hoards
v.tr.
1. To accumulate a hoard of: hoarded his money in a box under the bed.
2. To accumulate as much of (something) as one can, as when fearing a shortage.
3. To keep hidden or private: "the impulse to hoard the raw material of experience and turn it into art" (Bernard Cooper).

v.intr.
To gather or accumulate a hoard.

Webster's College Dictionary, 2010

hoard

n.
1. a supply or accumulation hidden or carefully guarded for preservation or future use: a hoard of money; a hoard of food.
v.t.
2. to accumulate a hoard of.
v.i.
3. to accumulate a hoard.

MISCELLANEOUS CITATIONS

Definitions in Political Economy, Thomas Robert Malthus, 1827

On the same grounds Mr. Mill is quite incorrect, in calling capital hoarded labour. It may, perhaps, be called hoarded labour and profits; but certainly not hoarded labour alone, unless we determine to call profits labour. This Mr. Mill himself could not but see; and consequently, in his second edition, he has deserted Mr. Ricardo, and boldly ventured to say, that “profits are in reality the measure of quantity of labour.”

A Collection of Reports Bolshevism in Russia, 1919

With the exception of the Bolsheviks, the whole population is terrorised almost to a point of physical paralysis and imbecility. Slender supplies of even the simplest food are only to be had when the watch of the Bolshevik guard weakens, and three-quarters of the people are slowly starving to death. At the expense of the poor, hoarders see their chance to realise enormous profits.

Criminal Politics, Lawrence Patterson, October 1994, p. 36.

Americans should be investigating one other very important item, stored food. As I have pointed out, the New World Order and its people may eventually block the interstates and cut off deliveries of food into the cities. It might be that they will be searching for food, for arms, and for ammunition. They will want to see if you are hoarding food. If you’ve got too much food, they’ll decide you don’t need so much.

Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm

"Breaking into the principal" was, in the minds of most thrifty New England women, a sin only second to arson, theft, or murder; and, though the rule was occasionally carried too far for common sense,--as in this case, where two elderly women of sixty might reasonably have drawn something from their little hoard in time of special need,--it doubtless wrought more of good than evil in the community.

Will Durant

Bankers know that history is inflationary and that money is the last thing a wise man will hoard.

Angela Merkel

This inclination to hoard is deeply ingrained in me because in the past, in times of scarcity, you took what you could get.

Adam Draper

Most people hoard their money - just keep it in the bank. Bitcoin will really take off when people start spending it, creating a velocity of money.

George M. Church

You can't just hoard your ideas inside the ivory tower. You have to get them out into the world.

Ajay Piramal

Don't hoard your wealth. Instead, live the life you want with the wealth you have been blessed with, but also make it beneficial for the good of the larger community.

Travis Bradberry

The best way to find a balance between doing your best and showing that you're ready for more is by developing other people. As tempting as it is to hoard knowledge, don't. Instead, make certain that there are others who know how to do important aspects of your job.

50 U.S. Code § 4512 - Hoarding of designated scarce materials

In order to prevent hoarding, no person shall accumulate
(1) in excess of the reasonable demands of business, personal, or home consumption, or
(2) for the purpose of resale at prices in excess of prevailing market prices,
materials which have been designated by the President as scarce materials or materials the supply of which would be threatened by such accumulation.
The President shall order published in the Federal Register, and in such other manner as he may deem appropriate, every designation of materials the accumulation of which is unlawful and any withdrawal of such designation. In making such designations the President may prescribe such conditions with respect to the accumulation of materials in excess of the reasonable demands of business, personal, or home consumption as he deems necessary to carry out the objectives of this chapter. This section shall not be construed to limit the authority contained in sections 4511 and 4554 of this title.
(Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title I, § 102, 64 Stat. 799; July 31, 1951, ch. 275, title I, § 101(b), 65 Stat. 132.)

[notmartha]

It seems to me, judging by the earliest definitions, that "hoarding" was not a negative thing, but was something a good steward did to protect his family from starvation and/or financial ruin. It took on negative connotations when the term "hoarding" became the subjective "excessive" or "unreasonable" storing of goods, of course at the whim of those who would deem what "excess" and "unreasonable" are. Independent people "hoarded" while dependent people did not.

So is stocking up, or laying up, goods, when they are available, hoarding or is it wise? When did the term "hoarding" become synonymous with "prepping," which also became a taboo?

This book, Days of Hunger, Days of Chaos: The Coming Great Food Shortages In America by Texe Marrs is aged (published in 1999) but especially applicable today, in my opinion.

Here are some quotes from the book about "hoarding":

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) will activate detention camps for rioters, looters, food hoarders, and pre-identified, potential “government resisters.”

Food Councils will decree that only those citizens with the mark, or name, or the number of the name of the global leader, may buy or sell food and other life necessities. This rule will be promulgated in the name of uniformity and fairness, to cause peoples everywhere to share food, and to prevent hoarding of limited resources.

Black-clothed and ski-masked police SWAT teams will conduct roundup after roundup of suspected terrorists and “antigovernment types.” The National Guard and the military will assist in house to house firearms confiscation and checks of home kitchen pantries and storage areas, to root out those who are guilty of hoarding food. Those who are caught—who have more than their share of allotted food—will be taken away. Some of the “criminals” will have their faces shown on television, and the public will be encouraged to express its utter contempt and hatred for these “vile, selfish specimens of human trash.”

We see, then, that food, though in short supply, will not necessarily be expensive. Evidently, the government will pass stiff laws and hastily issue executive orders that will curtail food hoarding and put a stop to price gouging. Otherwise, there would be a tremendous run-up in the price of foodstuffs and other commodities.

Ten Programs to Restructure America and the World

1. A national computerized I.D. card system will be implemented.
2. Full and complete gun registration will be required. (Later, all guns and firearms in private hands will simply be outlawed and confiscated.)
3. Cash, or currency, will be banned. A number and mark system will be instituted, required of all citizens to buy or sell.
4. Farmers and ranchers will be ordered to share assets in common and to join farm production collectives.
5. A World Environmental Authority (WEA) will be set up and granted vast powers to evict farmers, ranchers, and other citizens from their farms and homes to protect nature and sustain the ecosystem.
6. A World Food Authority (WFA) will be given control of existing food supplies and have authority over all food production, storage, and distribution.
7. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) detention camps will be activated, to house rioters, food hoarders, resisters and other potential lawbreakers. Many people will appear to have vanished or disappeared as the government conducts night raids, rounding up antigovernment protesters and other suspected “malcontents.”
8. The International Criminal Court (ICC) will be empowered to hear cases of criminal conduct across all national boundaries, especially the cases of “criminals” accused of food hoarding and resisters to the emerging New Civilization.
9. The United Nations Educational, Social, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) will be empowered to monitor the media (including Christian and patriot media) to insure that newsletters, magazines, television, movies, radio, the internet, etc., contribute positively to “helping the people understand why all these drastic changes are necessary.” UNESCO will also establish approved “core curricula” for public and private schools.
10. Essential sectors and elements of the economy will be nationalized and placed under federal authority until the emergency crisis has passed, to include communications, transportation, postal services, electric power and utilities, fuels, and food.

Hoarding to be Prohibited

One of the most pressing and immediate concerns of the WFA will be to stop and prevent the hoarding of so-called “excess food” by Americans, Europeans, and the people of other formerly wealthy nations. Not surprisingly, the politicians and bureaucrats who head the WFA will have a model law handy and ready to use in shaping their global guidelines outlawing hoarding. As far back as 1950, the U.S. Congress passed legislation prohibiting hoarding in event of declared emergencies. In 1951, this law was strengthened and on June 25, 1974, Executive Order 1179 further expanded the authority of the federal government in this regard. A reading of the law makes clear that the President or his representatives may, at their discretion, forcibly confiscate food, fuel, or any other material they deem as excess to your immediate need. Here is the wording of Section 2072 of the War and National Defense Production Act of 1950, chapter 932, statute 798:

Sec. 2072. Hoarding of designated scarce materials. In order to prevent hoarding, no person shall accumulate (1) in excess of the reasonable demands of business, personal, or home consumption, or (2) for the purpose of resale at prices in excess of prevailing market prices, materials which have been designated by the President as scarce materials or materials the supply of which would be threatened by such accumulation. The president shall order published in the Federal Register, and in such other manner as he may deem appropriate, every designation of material the accumulation of which is unlawful and any withdrawal of such designation. In making such designations the President may prescribe such conditions with respect to the accumulation of materials in excess of the reasonable demands of business, personal, or home consumption as he deems necessary to carry out the objectives of this Act (sections 2061 to 2171 of this Appendix). This section shall not be construed to limit the authority contained in sections 101 of this Act (sections 2071 and 2154 of this Appendix) (Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title 1, Sec. 102, 64 Stat. 799; July 31, 1951, ch. 275, title 1, Sec. 101(b), 65 Stat. 132.) AMENDMENTS.

Years ago this book was probably thought of as "fear mongering" and that because Y2K didn't happen it would never happen... but with all the recent food shortages and/or scarcities, it should be read with an open mind.